Download data

This sunspot group database is published also on the Zenodo repository. Please use following citation:

The exported CSV table contains information on each sunspot group, corresponding to each row of the table. It has the following structure:

  • date: Date of the drawing
  • time: Time of the drawing
  • observer: Observer, encoded into an integer number (aggiungere link alla lista)
  • seeing (SIDC): Quality of the sky during the observation
  • group nr.: Incremental sunspot group number (starting from the beginning of the year)
  • sunspot count: Unweighted sunspot count
  • weighted spot count: Weighted sunspot count
  • type: Zurich classification of the sunspot group
  • latitude: Floating point precision latitude of the sunspot group, determined with the Digisun software
  • longitude: Floating point precision Carrington longitude of the sunspot group, given by the Digisun software
  • manual latitude: Integer precision latitude of the sunspot group, determined by the observer
  • manual longitude: Integer precision longitude of the sunspot group, determined by the observer
  • scan URL: URL link to the scan file of the drawing
  • ETH signature: Drawing-specific signature of the ETH Zurich University Archives.
  • DOI: Digital object identifier of the drawing scan file, if available on e-manuscripta
  • last update: Timestamp of the last update made to the drawing data

The "Include metadata" checkbox in the download panel below, if checked, includes in the CSV the last four columns in the list above, i.e. scan URL, ETH Signature, DOI and last update. If you don't need this metadata, you can uncheck "Include metadata".

ID Name Surname
1 Sergio Cortesi
2 Edy Alge
3 Elena Altoni
4 Michele Bianda
5 Araldo Pittini
6 Andrea Manna
7 Renzo Ramelli
8 Marco Cagnotti
9 Anna Cairati
10 Roberto Cortesi
11 Michele De Lorenzi
12 Marco Cortesi
13 J. Jzsák
14 Rolf Schmid

Choose the year or range of years:

Available years:

1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024.


Include metadata

Disclaimer: the data in this database is constantly being worked on. Imprecise data or drawings are generally not available for the public to see or download, but corrected and new data is constantly being added. Each group (data row) has a timestamp of its last modification date, and the downloaded table has a timestamp of the time it was downloaded. Only the data displayed on the website is to be considered up to date.